Analysis of Main Nutrients, Active Ingredients and Volatile Components of Toona sinensis Buds from Different Regions

In order to analyze and compare the quality differences and processing applicability of Toona sinensis buds from 6 growing areas, the main chemical components of Toona sinensis buds were investigated. The contents of soluble protein, vitamin C (V_C), total flavonoids, total alkaloids, total polysaccharide, total polyphenol and total saponins were determined by physical and chemical methods. The volatile compounds were determined by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that Toona sinensis buds from Zibo in Shandong exhibited the highest content of soluble protein, which was 0.74%;Toona sinensis buds from Tongbai in Henan exhibited significantly higher content of V_C than other areas (p<0.05), which was 0.83%;Toona sinensis buds from Yongji in Shanxi exhibited significantly highest contents of total flavonoids, total alkaloids, total polysaccharide, total polyphenol and total saponins among the six areas). A total of 87 aroma compounds were identified, 16, 33, 29, 28, 33 and 35 of which were detected in Toona sinensis buds from Xinxiang of Henan, Tongbai of Henan, Yongji of Shanxi, Zibo of Shandong, Ankang of Shaanxi, Shiyan of Hubei, respectively. 6 identical compounds were identified in Toona sinensis buds among the six areas, including 2-hexenal, 2, 6, 6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 2, 4-dimethyl-thiophene, 2-mercapto-3, 4-dimethyl-2, 3-dihydrothiophene, copaene,1R-(1R*, 4Z, 9S*)-bicyclo7.2.0undec-4-ene, 4, 11, 11-trimethyl-8-methylene-. Terpenes, aldehydes and the sulfide compounds were present as the dominant compounds in all six samples, and the number of terpenes was the largest. All the above results suggested that the quality of Toona sinensis buds from Yongji of Shanxi was better. Toona sinensis buds from different growing areas had significant differences in nutrients, active ingredients and volatile components, thus the origin of raw materials should be selected according to the processing demand of the products.