The subunit distributions and amino acids analysis of the proteins from different varieties of Euryale ferox seed kernels
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摘要: 本实验选择3个不同品种、2种不同成熟度的5个芡实种仁样品,通过SDS-PAGE法及氨基酸分析仪法对其蛋白质亚基结构和氨基酸组成进行了初步分析。结果表明,刺芡（成熟）种仁蛋白质含量显著高于苏芡（成熟）（p≤0.05）,且刺芡（成熟）种仁蛋白质中必需氨基酸、甜味和鲜味氨基酸含量也高于苏芡（成熟）,说明刺芡在营养和口感上要优于苏芡。SDS-PAGE的分析结果显示,芡种仁总蛋白中分离出约20条谱带,相对分子质量在16.2482.04 k Da之间。其中分子量35.9 k Da左右基含量最高,是芡实总蛋白中最主要亚基。芡实蛋白质中的水溶性蛋白含量很少,且不同成熟度样品间差异很大,苏芡（嫩）和淮芡（嫩）中均未检出水溶性蛋白。品种间醇溶性蛋白质亚基组成差异较大,碱溶性蛋白质亚基及分子量分布品种间和成熟度间差异不大。Abstract: Five kinds of different varieties and maturity Euryale ferox seeds samples were selected and their protein subunit structures and amino acid compositions were analyzed in the article. The results showed that the protein content of northern Euryale ferox ( mature) seeds was higher markedly than southern Euryale ferox ( mature) seeds ( p ≤ 0.05) , furthermore the essential amino acids、sweet amino acids and umami amino acids contents in northern Euryale ferox ( mature) seed proteins were also higher than southern Euryale ferox ( mature) seeds, which illustrated that the northern Euryale ferox was better than the southern Euryale ferox in terms of ( nutrition and taste. It was resulted that in the SDS-PAGE analysis, twenty bands were separated from the total Euryale ferox seeds protein with relative molecular mass between 16.24 ~ 82.04 kDa. In addition, the subunit with relative molecular mass at about 35.9 kDa had highest content which was the major subunit in total Euryale ferox seeds protein.The contents of water soluble protein were few in Euryale ferox seeds and there were great differences between different maturites.No water soluble protein was detected in the Euryale ferox seeds from southern Euryale ferox ( not mature) and Huainan Euryale ferox ( not mature) .The alcohol soluble protein subunit compositions had great diversities among different varieties but no much difference was found in the subunits and molecular weight distribution of alkali-soluble protein from different breeds and ripeness.
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