Aqueous enzymatic extraction of Liver oil from Ommastrephes bartramiand its fatty acid composition analysis
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摘要: 研究了水酶法提取北太平洋鱿鱼肝脏油脂的工艺,考察了蛋白酶种类、料液比、反应温度、提取时间和加酶量对油脂提取率的影响,并采用气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）对所提油脂的脂肪酸组成进行分析。通过单因素和正交优化实验得到水酶法提取北太平洋鱿鱼肝脏油脂的最佳条件:中性蛋白酶为水解酶、料液比1∶0（g/m L）、反应温度55℃、提取时间6 h、加酶量1800 U/g;在该优化条件下,油脂提取率为79.21%。北太平洋鱿鱼肝脏油脂脂肪酸主要为C16∶0（16.27%）、C18∶1n-9（11.68%）、C20∶1n-11（12.94%）、EPA（9.81%）和DHA（23.61%）,其中n-3型多不饱和脂肪酸高达35.97%,且∑n-3 PUFA/∑n-6 PUFA为7.99,表明北太平洋鱿鱼肝脏油脂具有很高的营养价值和保健功能,可作为EPA和DHA等功能性脂肪酸的重要食药来源。Abstract: Aqueous enzymatic extraction( AEE) of liver oil from Ommastrephes bartrami was performed,the enzyme type,ratio of material to solvent,reaction temperature,extraction time and enzyme amount were investigated,meanwhile the fatty acid compositions of squid liver oil were analyzed by GC- MS in this paper.The single factor test and orthogonal experiment showed the optimal conditions for the aqueous enzymatic extraction of squid liver oil were as follows: neutral protease was the optimal hydrolytic enzyme,ratio of material to solvent was1∶ 0( g / m L),reaction temperature was 55 ℃,extraction time was 6 h,enzyme amount was 1800 U / g and the maximum oil extraction yield( 79.21%) was obtained under the optimal conditions.The main fatty acids of squid liver oil were C16∶ 0( 16.27%),C18 ∶ 1n- 9( 11.68%),C20 ∶ 1n- 11( 12.94%),EPA( 9.81%) and DHA( 23.61%),and the total amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was up to 35.97%,and the ratio of ∑n-3 PUFA to ∑n-6 PUFA was7.99,indicating that the liver oil from Ommastrephes bartrami had high nutritional values and development prospects,which could be used as the important dietary source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as EPA and DHA especially.
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Keywords:
- Ommastrephes bartrami /
- liver /
- aqueous enzymatic extraction /
- oil /
- fatty acids
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